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Population, Land Use, and Transportation Elena Irwin Assistant Professor and State Specialist Agricultural, Environmental, and Development Economics Department Ohio State University

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The Transportation Connection Urbanization has always followed transportation routes. The first suburbanization occurred in the mid-1800’s as railroads and streetcar lines were built from central city to outskirts of city. Extensive system of state and federal highways developed in 1950’s and 1960’s and continues to be a priority. Federal spending on transportation is projected to be four times as much on roads ($173.1 billion) vs. public transportation ($41 billion) between 1998-2004.

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The Transportation Connection Road building increases accessibility to outer areas The largest increase in Medina County population (39%) and the largest decrease in Cuyahoga County’s population (13%) occurred in the 10-year period after the opening of I-71. (ODOT) Road building responds to development pressures Widening of I-270, new highway interchanges

But roads are not the only reason households are moving out… Quality of public services Better schools, safety, transportation, health care, fire and police protection pull population outward. Perception of “urban ills” pushes population outward. More is better Desire for bigger house, bigger yard Land is cheaper in outer areas – therefore, can afford bigger house and bigger yard. The rural ideal More open space, more privacy, better community, “sense of place,” less taxes, less government.

Other reasons for moving out… Relocation of employment Edge cities allow people to live further out without increasing commute. Changes in telecommunications Internet: importance of “face-to-face” communication is decreased; allows work to be done from remote locations.

Why did you leave your previous residence? Top reasons among all types of moves: Neighborhood safety Resale value of house School quality and safety Also of importance to those moving outward: Needed a larger home Wanted a newer home and neighborhood Too much traffic congestion in current neighborhood 1995 Study of Household Movers in Columbus Metro Region

Why did you purchase your current home? Top reasons among all types of moves: Overall quality and design of house Housing cost Size of house and yard  Neighborhood safety Also of importance to those moving outward: Economic characteristics of neighborhood Reputation of schools Local public services (garbage collection, sewer and water) 1995 Study of Household Movers in Columbus Metro Region